137. The Story of the Cats [Babbu-Jātaka]

At one time the enlightened one was living in the Jeta Grove. At that time, there was an enlightened lady called KāÏā-mātā [KāÏā’s mother]. Why was she known as KāÏā’s mother? Because she had a daughter known as KāÏā who was so known not because she was blind, but because she was so beautiful. Anyone who saw her was not able to look at another woman [as if they were blind].16
Her mother had given her in marriage to someone of a similarly matched family. She lived in that family for a long time without seeing her mother. After a long time, she came to see her mother and spent a long while with her. As she was delaying returning home, her husband sent a message that he wanted her to return home quickly so he could see her. When she heard this message, KāÏā said to her mother that she had to return home.
Hearing that, her mother, KāÏā-mātā, said to her that she should not return empty-handed, but should take with her some sweetcakes. When they were preparing these sweetcakes, a monk who was going on his alms round came.
The devout KāÏā-mātā could not say there was nothing to give as she had just prepared sweetcakes. So they gave him a bowl full of sweetcakes. When he was returning to the temple, on his way, he met another monk going on his alms round and said, “Go to KāÏā-mātā’s home. She has sweetcakes.”
Hearing that, he also went there and got a bowl full of sweetcakes. In the same way, as he was returning, he met still another monk who was going on alms round. He told the same thing to him and to a fourth monk. Now, when they had given sweetcakes to four monks, the sweetcakes were all gone.
As KāÏā now had nothing to bring for her husband, she postponed her trip. A second time her husband requested her to come home. Also the second time, the sweetcakes were given to the same monks in this way. And again, she could not return home.
As she was not coming home, her husband married another woman. This was heard by KāÏā, and she started to cry. KāÏā-mātā was also very upset. The Buddha heard this, and he visited their home, sat on the prepared chair, and asked KāÏā-mātā, “Devoted lady, why is your daughter crying?” She told the Buddha what had happened. On hearing this, Buddha preached to them in an appropriate way so as to console their grief and then returned to Jetavana monastery.
On the same day, in the evening, the monks assembled in the preaching hall were discussing what had happened because of those four monks and KāÏā’s failure to return home, and how KāÏā-mātā was upset. Meanwhile, Buddha came there in the evening to preach. He asked the monks, “Oh monks, what were you discussing before I came?” When Buddha heard from them what they had been discussing, he said, “Monks, not only today, but even before these four monks have brought sorrow to KāÏā-mātā by taking her provisions.” The monks requested the Buddha to disclose this. And he explained this story:
Long ago in ancient times there was a king called Brahmadatta in Benares. While he was ruling in Benares, the Enlightenment Being was born in a family of stone-sculptors, and he became a teacher of stone-sculptors. At that time, a millionaire in a remote village who had 40 million crores of gold hidden in a certain place passed away. Later, his wife also passed away while still having a craving for the wealth. She was reborn as a female mouse living in a nearby anthill.
At one point, the Enlightenment Being came to that village, which by that time had been abandoned. Breaking rocks that were there, he took them from that abandoned village and used them for his work. And he supported himself in this way. The female mouse saw the Enlightenment Being coming once a day, and she became enamored of him. She thought, “I have much wealth. By giving my wealth to this man, I also can live a happy life. I will bring him a gold coin each day, and he will bring me good things to eat.” Thinking so, one day she brought a gold coin in her mouth, and put it down in front of the Enlightenment Being. Seeing that, he asked, “What is this?” The female mouse said, “Take this money, and bring me some meat. The remainder can be used by your lordship.”
In this way, she gave him a gold coin daily. And the Enlightenment Being brought meat, the worth of gold equal in weight to four grains of rice, and gave the meat to the mouse. The balance of the gold he used for his own purposes. As time went on, a cat that was searching for prey saw the mouse, and caught her. The mouse said, “Please let me go.” The cat said, “I am searching for something to eat. I caught you so as to eat your flesh.” The mouse said, “If you eat me today, then you will have meat for only one day. Is it better to have meat for only one day, or forever?” The cat said, “If I have meat forever, that would be good.” When the cat said this, then the mouse said, “If that is so, then please let me go. I will provide you daily with meat.” The cat agreed, saying, “Give me meat daily. If you fail to do so, then I know what to do.” In this way, he threatened the mouse, and let her go.
Since then, the mouse divided her share of meat that the Enlightenment Being gave her each day into two parts. One part she gave to the cat, and she ate the other part. Unfortunately, on another day, another cat caught her. She promised the same thing as to the first cat, and in this way got let go. In this way, she also saved herself from a third cat and a fourth cat. Having made such promises, she used to divide the meat she obtained into five parts. She ate herself only one part. And she gave the other four parts to the four cats. As she did not have enough food day by day, she became very thin and weak.
The Enlightenment Being, seeing her like this, asked, “Why are you so thin and weak?” She told him what had happened. The Enlightenment Being said, “Why did you not tell me this up to now?” Saying this, he made a cavity in a block of clear crystal stone. He said, “When the cats come to ask you for meat, insult them while you are inside this crystal cavity.” Making her promise to do so, he went away. The mouse went into the hollow of the clear crystal. The first cat came along. He asked, “Where is the meat that you promised to give me?” Then the mouse said, “What? Am I someone who is supposed to give you meat? If you need meat, eat your kittens’ flesh.” In this way, she insulted him so as to make him angry. The cat got angry and said, “Ah, are you going back on your word in this way?” He then jumped up at the mouse, and not knowing that she was inside a piece of clear crystal, he hit it hard and thereby broke his ribs. He crept away and died lying in the forest.
In this way, the other three cats as well got angry at the female mouse’s words, and jumping up forcefully at the crystal, also ended their lives.
Since then, the female mouse became more and more enamored with the Enlightenment Being. She started to give him two gold coins daily. Doing so, she eventually gave up all her 40 million crores of gold coins.
The Buddha concluded the story, comparing the four cats eating the mouse’s meat with the four monks eating the sweetcakes of the devoted KāÏā-mātā. And the Buddha imposed a regulation on monks not to accept the giving of food by going to a home without invitation, even though a monk might know that there is good food there. If invited, only then can he accept the food.
“At that time, the four cats were these four monks. The female mouse was the devoted lady called KāÏā-mātā. The stone-sculptor was myself who became in this life the enlightened one.” In this way, the Buddha concluded the Jātaka story of the cats.
The moral: “It is not good to take advantage of generous people.”
16 KāÏā means ‘blind’, usually of one eye, occasionally of both.
137. The Story of the Cats [Babbu-Jātaka]
Link: https://hhdorjechangbuddhaiiiinfo.com/2025/10/28/137-the-story-of-the-cats-babbu-jataka/
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